Means for producing selvage in loom-woven fabrics.



No. 876,494. PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908. L. E. SALISBURY.

MEANS FOR PRODUCING SEL'VAGE IN LOOM WOVEN FABRICS.

' APPLICATION FILED 001226. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H /NVEN Tum, 1W 'LE. Sdk'xsbm THE NORRIS PETERS cc.. wxsmnw'rom n. c.

No. 876,494; PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908. v

- L. E. SALISBURY.

MEANS FOR PRODUCING SELVAGE IN LOOM WOVEN FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 26, 1906.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

14 TNEESESI FFICE.

LEVI E. SALISBURY, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

MEANS FOR PRODUCING SELVAG E IN LOOM-WOVEIN FABRICS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEVI E. SALISBURY, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain-new and useful Improvements in Means for Producing Selvage in LoomJVoven Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

In self-acting looms as usually constructed and operated, and more particularly in looms employed for making woolen or analogous goods, the weft-carrying shuttles are reciprocated back and forth through the shedded warps, the outer yarns of the latter being selected and arranged to form with the corresponding part of the Weft-threads a non-ravelable selvage along the two longitudinal edges of the web of cloth.

My present invention relates to a novel mechanism or device for automatically and continuously binding together, pick by pick, a plurality of suitably shedded outer warpyarns and the adjacent end portions of the filling or weft-threads of the selvage portion of a web of cloth while the latter is being produced or woven in a loom. The invention is, however, more especially adapted for use in looms wherein the weft-threads or picks are successively introduced or laid independently by shuttles or fingers, each arranged to carry a length of thread or filling equal to or slightly exceeding the width of the fabric being woven.

A multiple-shuttle loom constructed and arranged to weave goods in which the weftthreads are successively introduced into the shedded warp-yarns by means of a series of suitably spaced continuously traveling selfcharging non-reciprocating shuttles is fully illustrated and described in U. S. Patent No. 720,181, issued to me February 10, 1903, and to which I would refer.

The object of the present invention is the production of a simple positively-acting and comparatively inexpensive device or attachment for looms. Said device being employed for successively securing or binding into the outer warp-yarns the adjacent ends of the Weft-threads so as to prevent the liability of said yarns from becoming separated or disarranged during the operations of washing, fulling, &c., to which the thus Woven fabric may subsequently be subjected.

To that end the invention consists, es-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 261 1906.

Patented Jan. 14, 1908.

Serial No. 340.700.

sentially, in the employment of a plurality of suitably shedded and tensioned marginal auxiliary warp or binding yarns between which the shuttle delivers its filling-thread or pick, means for twisting or crossing the said binding-yarns around and in front of the free end portion of the last-delivered pick, followed by beating up or closing the latter into the cloth by the action of the movable reed, thus practically completing the operation for a single pick. It may be added that the said thus crossed or twisted binding-yarns are then in position to receive the next succeeding weft-thread between them and to be secured thereto as just described, the operation being continuously repeated concurrently with the delivery of each pick throughout the Weaving of the length of the web of cloth.

In the accompanying two sheets of drawings, Figure 1 represents a partial end elevation and section of a portion of a loom as provided with my improved selvage-forming de vice, some of the loom details being omitted. The section being taken substantially on line 0cc of Fig. 2-. The cam-actuating means being indicated in the extreme advanced position. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan view. Fig. 2?,- represents, in enlarged scale, an end view of the tubular shaft through which the binding-yarns pass. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of portions of the device, the relative position of the parts corresponding with Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is .a combined plan and sectional view, showing the relation of the parts when in the extreme retracted position. Fig. 5 is a transverse section, in enlarged scale, taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig.6 is a perspective view of the yarn-twisting cam detached from its housing. Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 4, the parts being shown in the mid-position or stroke. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of a portion of the fabric, greatly enlarged, showing the last-delivered weft-thread in position to be intertwisted or secured by the two bindingyarns of the selvage, and Fig. 9 is a similar view, showing the binding-yarns twisted round the said weft-thread preparatory to beating up the latter into the fabric and the delivery of the next succeeding weft-thread or pick to be acted upon in turn by the binding-yarns.

I have illustrated my present invention as being adapted to the said patented loom. The members or parts of the latter shown in the drawings herewith are designated by the corresponding reference letters or characters employed inthe patent. ferring to Figs. 1 and of the present drawings, the warp-yarns to after leaving the guide-roll a pass through suitably shedded heddles G and guided short movable reedsections K into the web 2, the individual weft-threads to at the same time being successively introduced by suitably spaced shuttles (not shown) carried by links of the continuously traveling chain l, supported by fixed brackets H. The links of the chain are provided alternately with a plain groove i and cam-groove "i in continuous communication with one another throughout the chain. Each of the reed-sections K is suitably supported and. has a pin 76'' extending downwardly therefrom into said grooves; the reeds being reciprocated back and forth through the medium of the COUll'ilIlQtl action of the moving chain, the cam-grooves i and said pins 7c", thereby beating up the weftthreads into the web 2, the latter passing over the front beam or tie (1 My present invention or selvage-binding device is adapted to be mounted at each end of a loom so that both edges of the web 2 may be acted upon, although but one set of the mechanism is represented in the drawings. As drawn, the outer or end reedsection K has a suitably guided bar (L secured to and extending horizontally therefrom toward the front or heddles G. .A short lateral pin a is secured to the bar, the same being arranged to engage and rotate a grooved cam-cylinder a, about to be described, during the reciprocating movements of the reed and said bar.

The cylinder 0 is mounted to turn in a fixed casing or housing 1', and is secured to a hollow shaft or spindle b; the rear end of the latter extending through said casing and being provided with a head member (Z (see also Fig. 6) in which are pivoted or hinged a pair of laterally separated light self-closing arms 6 e, the free or rear ends forming independent guides or eyes for the passage of the respective bindingyarns, 1 and 2, the latter passing from the guides through a dent in the reed to be intertwisted later around the weft threads w mThe front end of shaft 1) has a miter-gear f secured thereto, said gear meshing into and adapted to rotate a similar gear f fixed to the end of a tubular shaft h. The said shafts are as drawn arranged at right angles to each other in a horizontal plane and revolubly mounted in suitable bearings g g. A plate or holder g is secured to shaft h having oppositely disposed spindles arranged parallel with the shafts axis; each spindle supporting a bobbin or spool g carrying the said binding-yarns 1 and 2. To the outer end of shaft h is secured a suitable That is to say, re-

tension-device, as if, .provided say with. a series of short pins between or around which the binding-yarns pass from the respective bobbins to and into the shaft 71/, and from the inner end of the latter to the adjacent end of shaft 1), thence through the lastnamed shaft and are threaded through the said eyes of the respective arms 6.

The barrel-sl'iaped cam member 0 is as before stated rigidly secured to shaft 7). Its periphery is, as drawn, provided with inter-communicating longitudinally disposed grooves arranged in conjunction with said pin a? to rotate the cam one-half a revolution during each double-reciprocation of the corresponding driving reed-section and its bar a. The action of the cam, 860., being to intermittingly rotate the shaft and its attached members in one direction. See arrows. The cam-groove formed in the barrel c is such that one part a thereof extends substantially parallel with the shafts longitudinal axis and terminates at its front end in aslight offset n thence it extends at an angle a past the bent end 0 of the elongated tongue 7), thence rearwardly about 180 in a spiral direction a past the con'iparatively sharp point e of the rear tongue 12 into the other parallel member a, the groove being continuous as just-described around the periphery of the other half of the cam. As thus constructed and arranged the pin (I (in continuous engagement with the cams groove or track) of the recipro -ating bar a will in its forward stroke move idly in the straight groove section it, past the point 0, short sections a and p and at the completion of said stroke rest in the adjacent end recess n the cam and the parts actuated by it meanwhile remaining practically stationary. See corresponding position represented in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Upon the return or rearward stroke the action of the pin a in the spiral or helical part "a of the groove will cause the shaft and its connected members, including the yarn-guides e e, shaft h and bobbin-holder 9 to make one-half of a revolution. The corresponding position being represented in Fig. 1. During the lastnamed movement of the reed and the cam-actuating bar a the guides a will automatically close and reopen, the former upper guide then being the lower one. Fig. 7 represents the guides in the closed or midposition while the cam is being thus rotated.

The means employed for actuating the guides consists of oppositely disposed stationary cam-plates a u located at the rear end of the casing r, (see Figs. 3 and 5). The inner or adjacent edges of said plates when engaged by the heel portions of the guides pivoted in the head (Z maintain the guides in the normally open or expanded position so that the binding-yarns pass directly therefrom to the reed at substantially the same angle as the shedded warp-yarns w, see Fig. 1. The action of the cam 0 during its semirevolution withdraws the guides from said plates it, at which instant a light spring 11. uniting the guides automatically swings the latter toward each other (see Fig. 7) or until arrested in the bottom of the respective grooves or seats (7 formed in the head member (Z. See also Fig. 6. The yiehlingly connected guides automatically reopen and assume the normal but reversed position upon their rengagement with the cam-plates when the cam c completes its semi-movement. By means of this device the guides are contracted or brought nearer together while passing by the outer warp-yarns, thereby too correspondingly reducing the distance between them and the operating-bar a.

In order to prevent thetwo binding-yarns, I and 2, from getting twisted together the inner end of the bobbin-carrying tubular shaft 71 may be provided with a transverse separating bar or partition 72. as shown in Fig. 2 1/2.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that immediately following the delivery of a pick 20 between the open or shed ded warp-yarns, as indicated say in Fig. 8 and the corresponding position of the mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the rearward movement of the reed-section (due to the pin thereof extending into the camgroove i of the continuously traveling chain I) operates to rotate the cam 0, thereby both closing the guides e (Fig. Tl and revolving them 180, the corresponding or relative position of the latter and the respective binding-yarns 1 and 2 at the termination of the stroke (see Fig. 4) then being reversed and twisted around the said pick M, as indi cated in Fig. 9 the reed-section at the same time beating up the weft-thread into the web 2. The result or effect of the operation just described is to bind the outer or end portion of the weft-threads together in a continuous manner longitudinally of the Web, thereby maintaining the adjacent warp-yarns w in the normal woven position or relation and preventing them as well as the picks to from becoming separated or unraveled during the subsequent treatment or processes to which the fabric may be subjected.

It may be observed that the binding-yarns are kept separate and independent of each other from the time they are drawn from the respective bobbins until after they pass from the eyes of the revoluble'guides e, e, the ro tary action of the latter twisting the yarns together around and in front of the picks in an intermittent or step-by-step manner, substantially as before stated. The degree of tension upon the binding-yarns may be controlled in any suitable way, or as indicated by the device t, Fig. 2, the same being interposed between the yarn-holding bobbins and the said guides e.

The size, quality, character, &c., of the binding-yarns may obviously be varied or selected at will, or as determined by the judgment of the weaver.

I do not desire to limit my present invention to the exact construction and arrangement of the mechanism represented herewith for binding or securing together the ends of the weft-threads as they are woven into the fabric as modifications of the same may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention,as for example, in lieu of turning the guides e a semi-revolution they may make a complete turn, thereby correspondingly increasing the degree of twist of the binding-yarns 1 and 2 around each other and between each succeeding weft thread. Or if desired the bindingyarns may be secured around the weftthreads in an alternate manner.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is z- 1. In a selvage'forming device for looms, the combination of an intermittingly movable reed, spools for carrying thereon warp or binding yarns, a revoluble shaft or spindle, a pair of laterally separated arms carried by the shaft and arranged for guiding the yarns, and mechanism operatively connected with and actuated by said reed for intermittingly rotating said shaft, arms and spools in unison so as to twist the yarns around the end portion of the last delivered weft-thread successively.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination of an intermittingly mov able reed, a suitably supported barrel-cam, a hollow shaft having said cam secured thereon and forming a central guide for auxiliary binding-yarns, a pair of oppositely disposed arms pivoted to said shaft for guiding the binding-yarns, and means operatively connected with said cam for intermittingly rotating the latter and said shaft and arm members in unison with respect to the reeds movements, for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a revoluble tubular shaft or member having a suitable camgroove formed in its periphery, and a pair of yarn-guides pivoted to said shaft and extending in front thereof, of a reciprocating reed section, and means connected with the latter and engaging said cam-groove for imcam member secured to said shaft having a continuously communicating spiral and longitudinal groove formed in its periphery, the combination therewith of a reciprocating reed section, a connection secured to the reed and being in continuous engagement with said groove, and means for conducting yarns from a source of supply to said guides, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination of a revoluble, tubular shaft having a yarn-separating bar or partition therein, a cam or direction changing member secured to the shaft, a reciprocating reed section, means connected with the latter and with said cam for actuating the shaft, a pair of laterally separatedyarn-guides movable by and in unison with the shaft, a pair of mechanically revoluble yarn-carrying bobbins having the 20 respective yarns passing therefrom at either side of said bar and through the shaft into the guides, and means for imparting tension to the yarns before they enter the shaft.

Signed at Providence, R. 1., this 25th day 25 

